BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine

Building capacity in evidence-based healthcare: a mixed-methods evaluation of training activities in South Africa

Objectives Cochrane South Africa (CSA) is a Cochrane geographic group established in 1997, aiming to advance the skills and ...
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Table 1

Total number (per cent) of specialties with a requirement Hospital-based residencies (N=11) Medical specialties (N=8) Surgical specialties (N=10) EBM 1: validity of research evidence Knowledge and ...
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Table 1

CI = confidence interval; HCC = hepatocellular carcinoma; NNS = number needed to screen; OR = odds ratio. HCC mortality 0.44% 0.54% 0.81 (0.54 to 1.22) 937/5 y HCC detected 0.92% 0.54% 1.69 (1.20 to 2 ...
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Effectiveness, safety, adherence and risk compensation of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the clinical effectiveness, safety and potential risk compensation associated with oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in men who have sex ...
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Ginger for the treatment and prevention of migraine headaches: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Objective To determine the efficacy of ginger (either stand-alone or as an adjunct treatment) for the treatment and management of migraine headaches. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, ...
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Applying the estimand framework to safety: aligning estimators with treatment effects in the presence of intercurrent events

Understanding the risks associated with healthcare interventions is essential for clinical decision-making and for the regulatory evaluation of new drugs. Yet, safety analyses in randomised controlled ...
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Target trial emulation lacks the Magic of Randomization: HARKing and terminology can mislead

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Environmental Lessons Learned and Applied (ELLA): a new framework for identifying, prioritising and implementing decarbonisation interventions in clinical care pathways

A multidisciplinary framework for designing rapidly deployable, scalable and context-specific decarbonisation interventions for clinical care has been developed within the National Health Service, ...
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Defining and interpreting the clinical relevance of intervention effects for patient-reported outcomes: the smallest worthwhile effect construct

In clinical research, statistically significant effects do not necessarily indicate that an intervention provides benefits that are meaningful to patients. This is particularly important for ...
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Loss of an ideal: how politics and misinformed advocacy killed the Canadian Task Force

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Improving inclusivity in UK clinical trials through good practice in the collection and use of ethnicity data: recommendations from the INCLUDED study

Ethnicity data are essential in understanding how different groups are impacted by different treatments/healthcare interventions, but more work is needed in how these data should be collected, handled ...