Decongestant or antihistamine medicines are sometimes given to children with acute middle ear infection (acute otitis media). It is unclear whether decongestants or antihistamines are effective ...

• conservative treatment, which includes lifestyle changes (such as weight loss) and exercises such as pelvic floor muscle training to improve bladder control; • medications, which calm the bladder ...

Key messages • Nucleoplasty may greatly reduce neck/arm pain caused by a herniated disk, but may have little to no effect on neck function or quality of life compared to conserv ...

Larger studies are needed to provide more meaningful results. The present evidence supports the use of cyproterone acetate or spironolactone ideally combined with ethinylestradiol as the best ...

HPV vaccines aim to prevent the types of HPV infections that sometimes cause cancers and anogenital warts. The HPV vaccines do not work as well in people that have already been exposed to HPV, so most ...

For people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (long-term damage to the kidneys that reduces their ability to filter blood), also having diabetes (a lifelong condition that causes a person's blood sugar ...

It is unclear if eye drops to reduce immune responses of the eye surface, such as topical corticosteroids and cyclosporine, have any effect on the signs and symptoms of blepharitis at 4 to 12 weeks.

A septate uterus is an abnormality of the uterus (womb) existing from birth, where the womb is divided into two cavities. Women with a septate uterus are at risk for infertility, recurrent miscarriage ...

– Breast surgery seems to help control cancer in the breast. It could also improve life expectancy for some women.

Medicines like nicotine replacement therapy (NRT; such as gums, patches), varenicline, bupropion, and cytisine, which help people to stop smoking, could also be used to stop vaping. Behavioural ...

NIPPV is a treatment where a machine is used to help the person breathe. During NIPPV therapy, the person breathes using a mask that forces the air into the lungs, keeping the airways open and ...

Plain language summaries are summaries of the health evidence that Cochrane produces, written in a way that everyone can understand. At Cochrane, we write systematic reviews of research into human ...