Some brief theory and typical measurements of phase noise. How to produce the lowest phase noise at a PLL output. A standard design procedure for a typical Type 2, second-order loop. As stated in ...

Measuring phase noise with a spectrum analyzer. The primary advantage of dedicated phase-noise analyzers. The cross-correlation method. Using a spectrum analyzer is the oldest, most straightforward, ...

Electrical noise, like taxes, is always with us. Most of the time noise is small and we can ignore it, but there are some measurement circumstances where noise must be dealt with. What can be done to ...